What movement aimed to address issues of poverty and inequality in urban areas?

The Settlement House Movement specifically aimed to alleviate poverty and address inequality in urban environments by providing various services and support to impoverished communities. This movement emerged in the late 19th and early 20th centuries as a response to the rapid urbanization and industrialization of America, which often resulted in crowded living conditions and a lack of access to essential services for the urban poor.

Settlement houses, such as Hull House founded by Jane Addams, served as community centers that offered educational programs, childcare, healthcare, and job training. They promoted social reform by emphasizing the need for improved living conditions and the empowerment of marginalized populations. Through these houses, reformers sought to bridge the divide between social classes and foster community involvement, making a direct impact on poverty and inequality within cities.

In contrast, while the Social Gospel Movement shared a concern for social justice and often influenced the Settlement House Movement, its focus was more on promoting religious ethics and moral responsibility rather than directly addressing urban poverty through community services. The Civil Rights Movement, primarily focused on ending racial discrimination and promoting equality for African Americans, arose later and had different immediate goals. Meanwhile, the Progressive Movement included various reforms but was broader in scope, addressing issues like government corruption and women's suffrage, rather than