What role did the Supreme Court play in shaping civil rights during this period?

The Supreme Court played a pivotal role in shaping civil rights during this period by enforcing segregation laws, as seen in significant cases such as Plessy v. Ferguson in 1896. This landmark decision upheld the constitutionality of racial segregation under the "separate but equal" doctrine, which sanctioned discriminatory practices and laws across the United States. The ruling legitimized state laws that enforced segregation in public facilities, schools, and transportation, thereby reinforcing systemic racism and inequalities that persisted well into the 20th century.

The enforcement of segregation laws by the Supreme Court effectively curtailed efforts toward civil rights for African Americans and established a legal framework that obstructed social and racial equality for decades. While there were moments later in history when the Supreme Court began to dismantle these segregation laws, during this period, it played a critical role in maintaining and legitimizing the status quo of racial discrimination.