Which invention by Thomas Edison greatly transformed electrical lighting?

The invention that greatly transformed electrical lighting was the electric light bulb. Thomas Edison's development of a practical and durable light bulb in the late 19th century revolutionized how people illuminated their homes and businesses. Prior to the widespread use of the electric light bulb, lighting primarily relied on gas lamps or candles, which were less efficient and often dangerous. Edison's innovation not only provided a safer and more reliable source of light but also extended the hours of illumination available to people, leading to significant changes in daily life, work, and social activities.

Moreover, Edison's work in creating a comprehensive electrical system that included generation, distribution, and the light bulb itself facilitated the advent of electric power in urban areas. This laid the groundwork for the commercialization of electricity, leading to further advancements in technology and infrastructure. Edison's electric light bulb thus represents a pivotal advancement in the period of industrialization, reflecting the broader trends of innovation that characterized the era.