Which organization was established by southern white farmers to address economic challenges through political reforms?

The Farmers' Southern Alliance was formed in the late 19th century to address the economic struggles faced by southern white farmers. This organization emerged as part of a broader agrarian movement that sought to improve the economic conditions of farmers who were experiencing hardships due to high railroad rates, low crop prices, and a lack of access to credit. The Farmers' Southern Alliance worked to unite farmers in order to advocate for political reforms that would benefit their interests, such as the regulation of railroads and the establishment of cooperative buying and selling to ensure fairer prices.

The organization's grassroots efforts led to increased political engagement among farmers and played a significant role in the formation of the Populist Party, which aimed to represent the interests of struggling agricultural workers on a national stage. By focusing on collective action and political advocacy, the Farmers' Southern Alliance was able to mobilize its members for reforms that addressed the economic injustices they faced while promoting the cooperative movement, which was intended to strengthen their bargaining power.