Who established an industrial and cultural school at Tuskegee, Alabama, focusing on teaching skilled trades to African Americans?

Booker T. Washington established the Tuskegee Institute in Alabama, where he focused on providing education in skilled trades for African Americans. His approach emphasized vocational training and self-help, believing that through acquiring practical skills, African Americans could improve their economic standing and gain respect in society. Washington's philosophy was rooted in the idea that economic self-sufficiency would lead to gradual social acceptance and advancement for African Americans. His work at Tuskegee became a model for many similar educational institutions developed in the South during this period.

Frederick Douglass, while a prominent advocate for education and civil rights for African Americans, did not found the Tuskegee Institute and had a different focus, emphasizing liberal arts education and political activism. W.E.B. Du Bois is known for his more confrontational approach, advocating for immediate civil rights and higher education through the concept of the "Talented Tenth." Langston Hughes was a key figure in the Harlem Renaissance, known for his poetry and advocacy of African American culture, rather than for establishing a trade school.